Brain cancer is the growth of abnormal cells in the tissues of the brain. These growths are often called tumors. Not all tumors are cancerous; they can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Unlike other cancers, brain cancers do not spread to other areas of the body (metastasize).

Brain tumors typically are categorized as primary or secondary:

• Primary brain tumors originate in the brain and can be benign or malignant.
  
• Secondary brain tumors (metastatic brain tumors) are more common. These malignant tumors result from cancer that started elsewhere in the body and spread to the brain.

Common Symptoms  |  How does a Cell Become Cancer?

Common Symptoms

The symptoms of brain tumors depend on the tumor’s size, type and location. Symptoms may be caused when a tumor presses on a nerve or damages a certain area of the brain. They also may be caused when the brain swells or fluid builds up within the skull.

These are the most common symptoms of brain tumors:

• Headaches (usually worse in the morning)


• Nausea or vomiting


• Changes in speech, vision, or hearing


• Problems balancing or walking


• Changes in mood, personality, or ability to concentrate


• Problems with memory


• Muscle jerking or twitching (seizures or convulsions)


• Numbness or tingling in the arms or legs

These symptoms are not sure signs of a brain tumor. Other conditions also could cause these problems. Anyone with these symptoms should see a doctor as soon as possible. Only a doctor can diagnose and treat the problem.

For resources about brain cancer, please visit our Healthwise Brain Cancer Overview page.

Back to top

How does a Cell Become Cancer?

Cells are the building blocks of all tissue and organs in the human body. Each cell contains genetic material (DNA) and other elements. DNA controls the growth rate of cells.

Normal cells grow and multiply at a specific rate. Most of the time, cells have a regulation system to prevent overgrowth. Sometimes, this regulation system malfunctions and cells begin to grow without inhibition. If enough overgrowth occurs, a tumor can be formed.
Back to top