Skin and Wound Cultures
Test Overview
A skin or wound culture is a test to find and identify germs (such as bacteria, a Reference fungus Opens New Window, or a virus) that may be growing on the skin or in a wound. A sample of skin, tissue, or fluid is collected from the affected area and placed in a container with a substance (called growth medium or culture medium) that helps organisms grow. If nothing important grows, the culture is negative. If something that can cause infection grows, the culture is positive. The type of organisms may be identified with a microscope, chemical tests, or both.
Most bacteria can grow in oxygen. They are called aerobic bacteria and usually are found in wounds close to the skin surface (superficial). Bacteria that cannot grow in the presence of oxygen (anaerobic) usually are found in deeper wounds and Reference abscesses Opens New Window. A wound culture can find out whether bacteria are aerobic or anaerobic.
A fungal culture is done to find out if an infection is caused by a fungus. A Reference viral culture Opens New Window can be done to find out whether an infection is caused by a virus.
Some types of bacteria that normally live on or in the body can cause an infection if they go to parts of the body where they are not normally found. For example, E. coli bacteria are normally found in the colon and anus. But if E. coli bacteria spread from the Reference anus Opens New Window to the Reference urethra Opens New Window, the bacteria may cause a Reference urinary tract infection (UTI) Opens New Window.
If a skin or wound culture is positive, other tests may be done to help choose the best medicine to treat the infection. This is called Reference sensitivity testing.
Culture samples may also be collected from the ear or eye, from open or closed sores, or from nails and hair.
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