Endometrial (Uterine) Cancer

Normally, the lining of the uterus (endometrium) builds up and then sheds with each menstrual cycle. This shedding is menstrual bleeding, or a menstrual period.

But in most cases of endometrial cancer, the endometrium has built up and has not shed and thinned. The lining has remained thick. This is called endometrial hyperplasia. This is a "precancer" stage, and the cells can grow quickly and out of control. These fast-growing cells are cancer cells.

As the cancerous cells multiply, they form a mass of tissue, which can cause vaginal bleeding. Especially after menopause, this Reference abnormal bleeding Opens New Window is a reason to call your doctor. Of women who have endometrial cancer after menopause, 9 out of 10 have vaginal bleeding.^{Reference 1}

If endometrial cancer isn't treated, it may spread outside of the uterus. As it progresses, it may spread to the Reference pelvic lymph nodes Opens New Window Reference Opens New Window and other pelvic organs. Advanced-stage cancer may spread to lymph nodes and on to the lungs, liver, bones, brain, and vagina.^{Reference 2}

The long-term outcome (prognosis) depends on the stage and grade of your cancer.

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