Mononucleosis (Mono)

Not everyone infected with the virus that causes mono (Epstein-Barr virus, or EBV) has symptoms. This is especially true for young children, who may have a fever but no other symptoms. People ages 15 to 24 are most likely to have obvious symptoms.^{Reference 1}

The most common symptoms of mono are:

• Fever, which may range from 101°F (38.3°C) to 104°F (40°C), and chills.
• Sore throat, often with white patches on the tonsils (which may look like Reference strep throat Opens New Window).
• Swollen lymph nodes all over the body, especially the Reference lymph nodes in the neck Opens New Window Reference Opens New Window.
• Swollen tonsils.
• Headache or body aches.
• Fatigue and a lack of energy.
• Loss of appetite.
• Pain in the upper left part of the abdomen, which may mean that the Reference spleen Opens New Window Reference Opens New Window has become enlarged.

These symptoms usually get better in about 1 or 2 months.

Mono can cause a rash if you take antibiotics such as ampicillin or amoxicillin. These antibiotics are often prescribed for other causes of sore throat, such as strep throat, and might be prescribed for you before the doctor knows you have mono. The rash is not an allergic reaction.^{Reference 2}

Mono may cause your spleen to swell to 2 or 3 times its normal size. An enlarged spleen occurs in up to half of those who have mono.^{Reference 3} A blow to the abdomen can cause an enlarged spleen to rupture. To reduce this risk, avoid heavy lifting and contact sports for 3 to 4 weeks after you become ill with mono or until your doctor says it is safe. In very rare cases, the spleen may rupture on its own.

Symptoms of mono can be more severe and last longer in people who have an Reference impaired immune system Opens New Window or a rare genetic condition called X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome.

The symptoms of infectious mononucleosis, such as a sore throat and fever, are Reference found in many other conditions as well.

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